What is Semiconductor?

 A semiconductor is a material that has an electrical conductivity that is between that of a conductor (which has a high conductivity) and an insulator (which has a low conductivity). Semiconductors are commonly used in electronic devices such as transistors, diodes, and integrated circuits.

The most commonly used semiconductor materials are silicon and germanium. Other materials that are used as semiconductors include gallium arsenide, indium phosphide, and silicon carbide. These materials have unique properties that make them suitable for specific applications.

When a semiconductor is doped with impurities, it can become either an n-type or p-type semiconductor. An n-type semiconductor has extra electrons that are free to move around, while a p-type semiconductor has extra "holes" or empty spaces that can be filled by electrons. By combining n-type and p-type semiconductors, a p-n junction can be created, which forms the basis of many electronic devices.